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17
2017
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04
Chinese Sculpture and Chinese Culture
Source:
2017-04-17 15:19
The subject matter of Chinese sculpture is quite extensive. From the narration of the book, we can see that characters, animals (including imaginary and fictional animals), natural landscapes, historical stories, myths and legends, life scenes, music and dance drama performances, etc. can all be used as sculptures. Performance content. In Western sculpture, people are always the central object of sculpture. In ancient Western sculpture, the image of people accounts for most of the number. In theory, the image of people is consciously placed in the most prominent position. Chinese sculpture is different, the image of animals accounted for a relatively large proportion, especially in the pre Qin period and the Qin and Han Dynasties (that is, before the prosperity of Buddhist sculpture), the image of animals than people
The subject matter of Chinese sculpture is quite extensive. From the narration of the book, we can see that characters, animals (including imaginary and fictional animals), natural landscapes, historical stories, myths and legends, life scenes, music and dance drama performances, etc. can all be used as sculptures. Performance content. In Western sculpture, people are always the central object of sculpture. In ancient Western sculpture, the image of people accounts for most of the number. In theory, the image of people is consciously placed in the most prominent position. Chinese sculpture is different. Animal images account for a relatively large proportion. Especially in the pre-Qin and Qin and Han dynasties (that is, before the prosperity of Buddhist sculpture), animal images are more successful in art than human images. Therefore, in the theme of Chinese sculpture, the central position of human beings is not as prominent as that of western sculpture. Although in terms of the overall absolute number, there are still the most characters in Chinese sculpture, but they are relatively not so eye-catching.
The Chinese introduced natural landscape into sculpture, which is peculiar in the history of world sculpture. For example, the Tang Dynasty's landscape sculpture, the figurines of the mountain group, Yang Huizhi's "landscape wall", Guo Xi's "shadow wall", small craft jade carvings, wood carvings, bamboo carvings, fruit core carvings and other manifestations of natural scenery, temples and other buildings in a large number of cliffs and wall sculptures with landscape scenery as the content. It can be said that all the content that can be expressed in Chinese plastic arts can be found in almost all sculptures.
It is not accidental that Chinese sculpture is free, bold and unconstrained in its materials. Taking the representation of human images as an example, in the early Western sculptures, the ancient Egyptians made statues to replicate the image of human beings and preserve life in pursuit of eternal life; the ancient Greeks found their ideal world in the most harmonious and perfect human body through the image of the unity of man and god. The immortality of Chinese people's life does not pay attention to the preservation of physical life, but focuses on the realization of human social obligations and responsibilities. Chinese people pay attention to the so-called "three immortality" of "morality", "meritorious service" and "speech", pursuing the realization of human spiritual character in the real society, rather than pursuing personal immortality without social ethics. Before the introduction of Buddhism, the Chinese people's view of religion was relatively indifferent, and idolatry and worship were underdeveloped. Take Taoism as an example. Taoism originally did not make images and advocated: "Taoism is intangible" and "Taoism is intangible". The Dunhuang version of Lao Tzu's Notes on Thunder said: "Tao is supreme, slight and hidden, without appearance and image." It was not until after the introduction of Buddhism that Taoism began to be affected. The lack of images of gods and idolatry in early China is an important reason for the relatively small number of portrait sculptures. Among the other peoples of the world, the image of man is often prominent on the basis of the early humanoid gods. As for the natural landscape into the sculpture and the Chinese nation has a sense of natural beauty, and sculpture and painting have a close relationship are related.
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